Financial Analysis And Funding Plan - 1011 Words

Group Capital: Financial Analysis Funding Plan Since the economic crisis of 2008 and the collapse of financial institutions, entrepreneurs are clamoring for alternative financing choices and investors yearn for investment options with the potential for greater returns. With this in mind, the President and Congress enacted the Jumpstart Our Business Startups (JOBS) Act of 2012 to grow entrepreneurship and provide investors with opportunities to fund private companies in exchange for equity. The partners at Group Capital, a Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) registered broker-dealer, lamented that the options available for innovation are minimal until they discovered equity†¦show more content†¦With this in mind, Group Capital will remain competitive, efficient and agile, and invest in innovation in the processes while contemplating performance and productivity from the customer’s perspective (Swank, 2003). Numerous companies pursue reductions in costs, im provements in speed, and enhancements in quality exploiting lean principles. With this in mind, there are several techniques to achieve improved sustainability and profitability, including segregation, simplification, and standardization (Heizer, Render, 2012). By using the power of the crowd and a robust online platform, Group Capital improves the capital raising model developing a less cumbersome market approach and our projected costs reflect this benefit as demonstrated in figure eight. For this reason, the modification in focus is a seismic shift and represents a new way of transacting and soliciting business. Group Capital understands the need for a marketing plan that will include an aggressive digital advertising and social media campaign. Initially, Group Capital will focus on recruiting and vetting appropriate entrepreneurs to sign up to include their ventures on the Group Capital website. Through their existing relationships and prospecting activities, we plan to educate and recruit qualified investors to fund the projects for equity in the ventures. In fact, Group Capital’s team of seasoned professionals will provide valuable advice to bothShow MoreRelatedBusiness Plan For A Business Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pagesfor a business venture, you will need to write a business plan. A business plan not only lends your business a sense of credibility, but also helps you to cover all your bases, increasing your chances of success. Although writing a business plan can be a lengthy, intimidating project, it is not necessarily difficult. Here is an overview of how to write a successful business plan. What to Include in Your Business Plan Your business plan needs to demonstrate that you have thoroughly consideredRead MoreThe Decision Maker Is Sid Stevens1334 Words   |  6 Pagesbusiness plan and a proposal to a local bank but he was turned down. 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Is My Water Safe Article Example

Essays on Is My Water Safe Article The paper "Is My Water Safe?" is a worthy example of an article on environmental studies. In this article, I feel that the research question is clear and can be answered. This is because, when the research question is asking whether the fracking water may cause drinking water contaminated, it is a question that can be researched. We can do research on whether the fracking water contains contaminants or not. This research can be aimed at finding out the components of the fracking water. It can either be carried out in a laboratory, or information can be gathered about previously done researches on the composition of the fracking water to qualify whether or not, fracking water is able to cause contamination to the drinking water.The sources very well seem to address the question fully. This is because the sources majorly are based on the issue of fracking water and its contaminants. For instance, the first source by Cooley Heather talks about separating the frack from the fiction. This means there are other things that form the composition of the fracking water that might either contaminate it or not. The second source by Bill claims how hard it is to clean fracking water; hence it is also in line with the question. The last two sources are very closely related to the question as they tend to talk about the components of the fracking water and recycling it. The sources also seem credible since they seem to have been extracted from websites that are monitored by the administration to ensure that only credible materials are posted on them.The question is made interesting by the fact that one would actually be eager to know what components of fracking water are responsible for the contamination of the drinking water, and in what way. The audiences may be interested in knowing whether or not the fracking water contaminates the drinking water. The question can be found to be important by the kind of audience interested in consuming such kind of water and maybe keen ab out the kind water they take for drinking or one carrying out a research on the components of the fracking water. I also find it important and interesting since it will help me know what kind of water is safe for me for drinking. This question, therefore, calls for research to be carried out in order to determine whether the claims are either true or false.

Contractual Problems for Kent and Sussex Ltd- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theContractual Problems for Kent and Sussex Ltd. Answer: Introduction: The principle regarding the two terms of the report is related to the company law. It is to be stated that the phrases of this report have been important in nature regarding the legal nature of the company and it is necessary to define the provision of the terms practically so that it is possible to understand the scope of the two terms. Discussion: Directing Mind and will: There is no particular definition provided in any of the legislation regarding the essentiality of the terms directing mind and will. It can be stated literally that the term denotes the person who are generally directed the mind and will of the company (De Wet 2017). It is a well principle of law that company has a separate legal entity and the company will not be held liable for the wrongful acts of the directors or the shareholders of the company. It is a fact that though the company is a separate legal entity and it is not liable for any acts of the member of the company, it is not a person (Flint 2016). It is not possible for the company to work alone without the help of the directors and stakeholders. In certain case law, it has been observed that the directors will be held liable if there is any discrepancies happened regarding the company matter. The same principle was adopted in the case of DPP v Kent and Sussex Contractors Ltd [1944] KB 146. The necessity regarding the directing the mind and will was followed in the case of the Lennards Carrying Co. Ltd v Asiatic Petroleum Co. Ltd [1915] AC 705. The directors of the company are usually engaged with the company affairs and take all the important decisions. It was observed by the court in Tesco Supermarket v Nattrass (1971) UKHL 1 that if the Board of Director of any company had made any such breach, the affected party has the choice to sue the company under the provision of directing mind and will. Piercing the Corporate Veil: The doctrine regarding the piercing the corporate veil is a general defence that support the separate legal entity of the company. It has been proved by the court in several occasions that a company cannot in any way be held liable for the wrongful acts of the management. Therefore, it can be stated that the rights and liabilities of the company is quite different from the rights of its corporal body (Lipsitt 2013). It is a well principle of law that company has a separate legal entity and the company will not be held liable for the wrongful acts of the directors or the shareholders of the company. One of the essential cases regarding the matter is Salomon v Salomon Co Ltd [1897] AC 22. The doctrine has helped to standardised the role of a company and conceptualise the fact that the directors of a company could not hide himself behind the legal veil of the company. If there is any chance, law will restrain them to do so. The word corporate veil prescribes the duty of a corporation as the duty of the shareholders. Piercing the corporate veil is antonym to the word corporate veil. In this case, the director of the company will be held liable for their own acts. It has been regarded that if any allegation made against the company regarding the wrongful acts of the management, it is the duty of the court to find out the offender without inking the legal character of the company (Yadav 2017). Conclusion: Therefore, from the above-mentioned grounds it can be proved that both the principles are important regarding the company affairs and certain provisions have been imposed on the directors of the company for their wrongful acts. Reference: De Wet, M., 2017. Directing'The Absolute': towards destabilising the victim/perpetrator binary in Sam Shepard's A lie of the mind (1985) (Doctoral dissertation, University of Pretoria). Flint, D., 2016. Incentives, Employers, and the Corporate Veil: Should Domestic Corporations Be More Accountable for the Actions of Their Overseas Subsidiaries?. Ariz. St. LJ, 48, p.833. Lipsitt, L.P., 2013. impression of outside objects, whether agreeable or offensive; but the mind, possessed of a self-directing power, may turn its attention to whatever it thinks proper. It should, therefore, be employed in the most useful pursuits, not barely in contemplation but in such contemplation as may. Early Influences Shaping The Individual, 161, p.207. Yadav, P.K., 2017. Lifting of Corporate Veil.

Corporate Communication Channels

Question: Describe about corporate communication channels in corporate social responsibility. Answer: Introduction According to (Baumann-Pa 2013), corporate social responsibility, which is also called as corporate principles or corporate residency, is a shape of corporate self-regulation incorporated into a business replica. Corporate social responsibility functions as a self-regulatory process where a business monitors and makes sure that it is properly complying with the strength of the law, ethical principles and nationwide or global norms (Bravo et al. 2012). In addition, corporate social strategies motivate companies to make a optimistic impact on the surroundings and stakeholders including customers, investors, communicates and others. However, it is not easy to implement corporate social responsibility in an organization if a proper communicational channel is not present in the organization. Corporate communication channels in corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility is known as a business method that underwrites to sustainable growth by distributing economy, social and environmental welfares for all stakeholders. According to Lins et al. (2015), this is concept with many definitions and practices. The meaning and approaches of corporate social responsibility differs greatly for different countries and companies. This concept is also responsible for addressing several topics such as human rights, health and safety, working conditions, and contribution to economic development. However, does not matter how it is defined, the primary goal of corporate social responsibility is to drive change towards sustainability. Corporate communication channels play a major role for the business organizations to fulfil their corporate social responsibility towards its internal and external stakeholders. That is why; there are two types of corporate communication which are internal and external. Both these communications channels help an organization to fulfil its duty towards the community (Dobele et al. 2014). However, external communication channels are considered as the most important as it helps to carry out economic transactions and to transfer wealth into the company. Internal communication stays responsible for carrying out communication within the organization. Stakeholders of this type of communication are senior authorities, subordinates and collaborators. On the other hand external corporate communication connects customers and other stakeholders with government, agencies and other associations (Colleoni 2013). In spite of its benefits, corporate communication is limited to few people. Nowadays, competition in the market is increasing rapidly as result of globalization. Therefore, organizations are now competing to show their contribution towards the society to gain a competitive advantage (Dobele et al. 2014). Different organizations use different channels in order to execute their duties towards the society. Among them, some of the most important channels are intranet, social media and newspapers. Where intranet, dissimilar to emails, stores all the data in order to shed light on a major issue, social media channels such as Facebook and twitter are allowing to have a more dynamic and flexible communication channels where employees can break down rigid parameters (Bravo et al. 2012). It also helps to develop a meaningful relationship among the executives and employees, discarding geographical boundaries. Newspapers on the other hand are another useful corporate communication tool which is also called as media relations. It helps to interact with the customers and public which is a major responsibility of corporate communication department. In spite of the popularity of social media, communication through newspapers still hold the key as in many parts of the world people still depend on newspaper. Besides, there are some traditional communication tool such as writing annual reports and word of mouth (Baumann-Pauly et al. 2013). Communication through newspaper and annual reports are known as written communication where communication using intranet and social media is known as electronic communicational tool. However, word of mouth is another communication tool that is recognized as one the most powerful sources of communication. It is true that because of its limitation, some scholars criticized it; however, through word of mouth information can easily be transmitted among a huge audience within a short amount of time. It is also known as the quickest way to filtering information by consumers (Trong 2013). On the other hand, annual reports of a business organization allow stakeholders to collect information on the health of the company Mueller (Loose and Remaud 2013). Annual reports include graphs and charts in order to provide information to shareholders, stakeholders, media and community about a particular fiscal year. The sole purpose of annual report is to show the stakeholders about what the organization has achieved in a fiscal year and what they are planning to achieve in the upcoming fiscal year. It also contains information on sales to tell the customers whether the organization is doing well in the market or not (Amaladoss and Manohar 2013). Besides, information on new machineries that are added in the workplace or the changes and enhancements that are happening in the organization are also mentioned in the annual reports. Therefore, in other words it can be said that annual reports are a type of promotional tool that companies use to attract potential customers. It also help s to attract employees of other organization. Some organization attaches a letter at the beginning of annual reports that is written by the highest member of that company Ahmed (Haji 2013). The motto of that letter is to communicate with the stakeholders directly. By annual reports, an organization not only wants to exhibit their performance but also to exhibit that the management is doing everything to serve the community by following policies and demands of the stakeholders. That is why; it can be said that corporate social responsibility and corporate communication tools are related to each other. If an organization is trying to maintain its responsibility towards the community, then it will have to communicate with the public. While communicating with the public, an organization will need proper corporate communication tools in order to figure out their demands and to note their feedbacks. Conclusion After completion of the entire research work, it can be stated that corporate communication is considered as the voice of the organization. It has been found that this is helpful for the employees both internally and externally. It has been observed from the research work that with the proliferation of activities that any organization does, there is a requirement of mechanism through it advertise its achievements. For this particular purpose, corporate communication is highly necessary. References Ahmed Haji, A., 2013. Corporate social responsibility disclosures over time: evidence from Malaysia.Managerial auditing journal,28(7), pp.647-676. Amaladoss, M.X. and Manohar, H.L., 2013. Communicating corporate social responsibilityA case of CSR communication in emerging economies.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,20(2), pp.65-80. Baumann-Pauly, D., Wickert, C., Spence, L.J. and Scherer, A.G., 2013. Organizing corporate social responsibility in small and large firms: Size matters.Journal of Business Ethics,115(4), pp.693-705. Bravo, R., Matute, J. and Pina, J.M., 2012. Corporate social responsibility as a vehicle to reveal the corporate identity: A study focused on the websites of Spanish financial entities.Journal of Business Ethics,107(2), pp.129-146. Colleoni, E., 2013. CSR communication strategies for organizational legitimacy in social media.Corporate Communications: an international journal,18(2), pp.228-248. Dobele, A.R., Westberg, K., Steel, M. and Flowers, K., 2014. An examination of corporate social responsibility implementation and stakeholder engagement: A case study in the Australian mining industry.Business Strategy and the Environment,23(3), pp.145-159. Lins, K.V., Servaes, H. and Tamayo, A., 2015. Social Capital, Trust, and Firm Performance: The Value of Corporate Social Responsibility during the Financial Crisis.European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI)-Finance Working Paper, (446). Mueller Loose, S. and Remaud, H., 2013. Impact of corporate social responsibility claims on consumer food choice: A cross-cultural comparison.British Food Journal,115(1), pp.142-166. Trong Tuan, L., 2013. Corporate social responsibility, upward influence behavior, team processes and competitive intelligence.Team Performance Management: An International Journal,19(1/2), pp.6-33.

Gun Control Essays (2138 words) - Gun Politics In The United States

Gun Control The idea of gun control and regulation is becoming more and more popular throughout the U.S., although it may still bring up resistance among some people. Guns are sort of a foundation of American culture. This country's freedom was won over bloody and "heroic" wars with guns. Guns are portrayed throughout television, movies, and video games. Guns are a popular symbol of power, control, authority, dominance, and can be associated with security and defense. The role guns play in our society is a highly controversial debate. I will support the gun control and regulatory side of this topic as a short-term realistic goal. There are both avid supporters of the 2nd amendment guaranteeing American citizens the right to bear arms, and there are people who strongly disagree with the widespread use and availability of guns to youth and criminals. Those in favor of open gun use are often motivated by the 2nd Amendment, and the right many claim to hunt, protect the home, or for defense against potential militias or government overthrow. The motive behind proponents of gun control on the other hand, is to restrict accessibility to guns to prevent violence and death in our society. My position ultimately, with relevance to our presentations in class, is neither an attempt to persuade or convince anyone to use guns nor to control and restrict them. From here however, let me tell you that guns play a role of non-importance in my life, and therefore I have sought out a reasoning that has led me to favor a world with no guns altogether. This may sound rather idealistic or radical, but it is necessary. Our world is in need of a profound, collective reformation where violence and guns are concerned ? particularly in the United States. This is my long-term goal of potentiality. Firstly, the extent of gun violence is tremendous, primarily in the U.S. among all other industrial nations. Next to automobile fatality, gun violence is the second leading cause of death by injury in the U.S. It should become first by the year 2003 unless something is done to prevent it. In the early nineties for example, four states ? Nevada, Virginia, Louisiana, and Texas had trends of gun injury as the top cause of death. This type of violence it seems is almost as epidemic as AIDS is in causing death. That is a very scary thing to consider. (gunfree.org) The National Center for Health Statistics reports that firearms have taken the lives of 35,957 people in the U.S. in 1995. There is a 21.5% firearm fatality increase since 1985. And, of these fatalities, suicides rank first at 18,503 people; homicides second at 15,835 people; unintentional shootings next at 1,225 people; and 394 were undetermined. (gunfree.org) Now I would like to demystify several arguments used against gun control. The first one assumes that gun control won't stop gun violence or crime. Most criminals get guns through legal means contrary to what the gun lobby says to justify having a huge availability of guns. This is proven by the Criminal Justice Research Center. They apparently surveyed that only 27% of adult inmates and 43% of juveniles have bought handguns illegally on the black market. On the other hand, of these inmates, 69% of adults and 55% of juveniles obtained guns through means like retail, gun shops, private owners, friends or family. This confirms that most guns are gotten legally through controlled methods. (gunfree.org) Also, the FBI has received reports of a median number of about 274,000 guns stolen yearly from '85 to '94. This points out that the guns sold by owners and dealers are a risk to us and can be regulated to lower crime, murder, suicide, and other fatalities. (gunfree.org) Is owning a gun really a constitutional right? The 2nd amendment of the constitution says: "A well regulated Militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed." The Supreme Court made clear in its 1939 case decision of U.S. vs. Miller, that the 2nd Amendment doesn't protect possession of a firearm unless there exists some type of reasonable relationship in preserving a militia. Currently, the National Guard is regarded as today's form of militia. (gunfree.org) Also equally impressive is that in all Supreme and Federal courts, since the Miller decision, no gun control laws have been shot down on the case of the 2nd Amendment. And particularly lower federal courts have never supported firearm possession as being a fundamental and

Research Paper Ideas

Research Paper Ideas Research Paper Ideas Research Paper Ideas You must approach research paper topic choice very seriously. You do not take trite, long-studied research paper topics because you are unlikely to say something new. The best way is to find a topic that is sufficiently relevant and at the same time insufficiently known in the science. Undoubtedly, your research paper adviser might greatly help you. But even without outside help, it is very useful to get acquainted with the English language literature devoted to the country and the period that you want to deal with. While selecting research paper topic you must keep the perspective in range of vision. It is very good when a student dedicates his work to specific circle of college research paper topics. Thus, by the last course he compiles findings for the last scientific college work. It is important that the choice of the topic is clearly understood by the student - you have to understand the goals and objectives of research paper writing. Your research paper writing must not be purely descriptive. It should contain a central idea, the key idea dedicated to the research itself. Research Paper Ideas and Tips Once enough information is collected, you should start writing research paper. You do not have to wait until 25 articles are identified and all information is processed. Experience shows that research paper writing is about finding "white spots" that require more reference to the sources. First, make a clear research paper outline and show it to your adviser. Among research paper writer there are a lot of those who prefer writing research paper "without stopping" within two or three days. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to create a qualitative research paper, and the most part of the previous work is in vain. It is better to write college research paper in stages, writing individual parts and combining them into a coherent research or term paper. Text of the research paper writing should not consist of facts without explanation and analysis. Student should be able to group the existing material and analyze it. It is important to identify the causes, the essence and meaning of events and processes mentioned in English research paper. If the examined subject is controversial, it is better to bring both sides of the argument to the reader's attention and then indicate which side is more logical. Put forward your own ideas and original concepts. .com Research paper ideas are diverse and many students feel lost in details. As the result, they end up with producing poor essay. We offer you a unique opportunity to take advantage of professional custom research paper writing assistance. All you need to do is to place an order, provide detailed instruction and wait until your assignment is being completed for you!

The influence of marketing relationship implementation on a building Dissertation

The influence of marketing relationship implementation on a building long-term relationship with the customers - Dissertation Example Marketing relationship is a form of marketing derived from express response marketing campaigns and is found to concentrate on retaining and fulfilling customers as opposed to focusing on sales transactions for an organization’s growth. Research has shown that profit-making organizations are in a constant competition with one another for new customers while still aiming to keep their current clientele. They are additionally reported to be competing with one another for market leadership with a constant aim of increasing earnings through customer satisfaction. For the foregoing reasons, organizations alike need to build long-term customer relationships for their sustenance. This calls for a need to develop an effective implementation strategy for establishing enduring relationships. This can be achieved through maintaining a functional customer relationship management (CRM), which aims at building strong long-term relationships between the supplier and customer (Gordon, 1999). This research paper therefore attempts to study any influence that marketing relationship has in building a long-term customer relationship. The first chapter of this paper introduces the research problem while the second chapter presents a review of the related literature followed by the methodology chapter. While chapter four presents the results of the study, chapter five subsequently discusses these results. Finally, chapter six highlights the conclusions and recommendations to the research findings. Table of Contents Page Running Head 1 Abstract 2 Table of contents 3 CHAPTER 1: Introduction 5 1.1. Overview 5 1.2. Background Information 5 1.3. Significance of the Study 6 1.4. Problem Statement and Research questions 6 1.5. Objectives of the study 7 1.6. Research design 7 1.7. Chapter Summary 8 CHAPTER 2: Literature review 9 2.1. Introduction 9 2.2. Historical Overview and Current Findings 9 2.3. Developing a long-term customer Relationship 12 2.4. Marketing Relationship Implemen tation 14 2.5. Importance of Building Relationship with Customer 15 2.6. Chapter Summary 16 CHAPTER 3: Research methodologies 18 3.1. Introduction 18 3.2. Area of study 18 3.3. Research design 19 3.4. Target population 19 3.5. Sampling technique 20 3.6. Data collection 20 3.7. Data analysis 20 3.8. Reliability of the research 21 3.9. Ethical considerations 21 4.0. Chapter Summary 21 CHAPTER 4: Results 22 4.1. Introduction 22 4.2. Characteristics of Participants 22 4. 3. Analysis of the four themes 23 4.3.1. Theme one 23 4.3.2. Theme two 24 4.3.3. Theme three 24 4.3.4. Theme four 25 4.4. Chapter Summary 26 CHAPTER 5: Discussions 28 5.1. Introduction 28 5.2. Discussion of the results 28 5.3. Practical implications of this study 30 5.4. Chapter Summary 32 CHAPTER 6: Conclusions and Recommendations 33 6.1. Introduction 33 6.2. Implications for Policy 33 6.3. Limitations of the Study 34 6.4. Recommendations for future research 34 6.5. Concluding remarks 35 6.6. Chapter summary 36 REFEREN CES 37 APPENDICES 38 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1. Overview Marketing relationship is a form of marketing derived from express response marketing campaigns and is found to concentrate on retaining and fulfilling customers as opposed to focusing on sales transactions for an organization’s growth. In practice, marketing relationship is different from other forms of marketing because it recognizes long-term effects and/or importance of customer relationship (Buchanan & Gilles, 1990). Additionally, Gale & Chapman (1994) argue that marketing relationship goes beyond customer-supplier communication and encompasses invasive sales promotional messages to establishing long-lasting benefits for the entrepreneur and the customer. In the present age of globalization and information superhighway, marketing relationship is experiencing rapid evolution as witnessed by Kotler et al (1999). It is shown to be utilizing technology in opening more and more collaborative and social communication channels that create a more collaborative atmosphere. The current trend leans towards the use Information and Communications

Political science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Political science - Essay Example Already the liberal wing of his own party is into abandoning the new tax deal and the Republicans are much on their way into scrutinizing every fiber of it. Economists analyzed that savings is indispensable for the government at this point to keep the deficit at its minimum of 3% by 2015 to make it sustainable for the gross domestic product. This is a way to balance off the more productive year to the previous shortage from the previous one. This calculation, developed by Alan Auerbach and William Gale was a substantial attempt to alleviate national debt in a plausible manner (Leonhardt, par.2-4). This actually takes into consideration the prospective effect of the Boomers on the budget of the Federal government by 2030. This emphasizes the importance of the next 20 years in the budget woes of the United States that is in dire need of a solution before things go way out of control to be remedied beyond repair. The proposed tax cut deal provides for further tax cuts favoring the middle class over high end tax cuts as supported by Republicans. Here, it could be seen that it provides for a year’s worth of payroll tax cut for workers as wells as a year and a month’s lengthening of aid for the jobless to help boost the ailing economy. This poses a problem as it is inimical to the $900 billion in deficit that it will bring about (Herszenhorn and Gaystolberg, par.5-7). The deal as perceived in both Houses is deemed to be rough around the edges if not totally unviable. New York Democrat Anthony Weiner even went candidly by saying, â€Å"I don’t think the president should count on Democratic votes to get this deal passed† (par. 9). While the Republicans are also clamoring on their side on the supposed merits of the proposal. Obama stands on firm conviction on the need to protect the interest of middle class Americans that make up majority of the population as legislator s raise concern

Software to Support Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Software to Support Assessment - Essay Example Donnelly, McGarr, & O’Reilly noted that in the quest to arrest the decline in the number of students taking science subjects in higher education the National Council for Curriculum and Assessment highlighted ‘the need to focus on investigative approaches, problem-solving, the assessment of practical work and the effective use of ICT.’ In light of this rapid injection of technology in the teaching and learning arena teachers need to be able to assess not only the software that is on the market for their use but the ability of the technology to effectively assess student learning. Consequently, there is a need to analyze the capacity of technology to facilitate assessment of students’ learning. Tomlinson emphasizes that there may be ‘assessment of learning, assessment for learning, and assessment as learning.’ Ultimately, Tomlinson suggests that assessment is most useful when it is seen as learning because it is then that it most informs the teac hing and learning process. She sees assessment as the ‘beginning of better instruction’. Assessment then is a vital part of the entire teaching learning process. This paper analyses how technology can facilitate both formative and summative assessment of student learning. ... Tomlinson observed that by the time she had given a final grade in a summative assessment the class would have been ‘moving on to a new topic’. She noted that this information could not be effectively utilized because the time for its effectiveness would have been gone. Thus, Tomlinson became ‘a devotee of formative assessment’ which would allow her to correct students’ faults in real time. Finally, Tomlinson views summative assessment as assessment of learning, and formative assessments as assessment for learning. It is difficult for the teacher to use technology for formative assessment since this process occurs almost spontaneously. Nonetheless, the use of the SMART board as highlighted by Debunker allows the teacher and the student to interact in real time. It is easier for summative assessment to be provided through technological means since these are standardized materials which may be given to all students at the end of the year. Using technolo gy to assess student learning is an emerging concepts as such there are a number of teething problems associated with its implementation. Hence, the use of technology to assess student learning brings with it several pros and cons. Technology allows teachers to analyze the scores of students at a faster rate. The use of assessment software allows for greater standardization across the districts. What is more, the students enjoy interacting with the technology. Thus, they will be more comfortable with the use of the technology than with traditional procedures. Two major concerns of the use of technology are the ‘quality’ and the cost of the materials. Williams, Boone, & Kingsley assert that teachers expect producers of educational material to be

Performance Of Professionally Developed And Undeveloped Teachers Education Essay

Performance Of Professionally Developed And Undeveloped Teachers Education Essay The professional development is an emerging area to increase the performance in different fields. The professional development of a teacher is the professional growth that he/she ac ­quires as a result of his/her experience and systematic analysis of his/her own practice and through participation in training activities. The purpose of this research was to compare the performance of professionally developed and undeveloped teacher and identification of significant professional development variables that can help the teachers to increase their performance. A convenient sample of 260 respondents (school teachers) from 49 secondary schools in 13 districts of Balochistan was taken to determine the major factors showing their effect on the overall performance of teachers. An instrument consisting of two parts, Part (A) (Professional Development of Teacher) and (B) (Performance Evaluation of Teacher), was used. All variables measured on likert scale. General Linear Model was used to find out the effect of training variables on the overall performance of teachers. The demographic characteristics of teachers with the interaction of professional development program variables were found significant in increasing the performance of teachers. This research study concludes that professionally developed secondary school teachers with new teaching methodologies, techniques, styles and new knowledge perform more as compare to those teachers who are professionally undeveloped or lack opportunities, interest or deliberately avoid participation in training activities. I am submitting my thesis on Comparison between performance of professionally developed and undeveloped teachers: A study of public sector secondary school of Balochistan, as a thesis. As per the requirements, the thesis includes problem statement, the primary data along with literature review, development and testing of hypotheses. By professional development we mean the professional growth that is result of experiences and practices teacher gains and performs during his/her job career in teaching profession. According to (Carlos Marcelo 2009) The professional development of teacher is the professional growth the teacher ac ­quires as a result of his/her experience and systematic analysis of his/her own practice. In developing country like Pakistan, teachers are the key source of knowledge and wisdom for students as according to (Willy L. Komba Emmanuel Nkumbi 2008) in most developing countries, education means teachers. Due to lack of teachers guides and essential texts, invariably, teachers are the key source of knowledge, skills, wisdom, appropriate orientations, inspiration and models for the students. As a consequence, the teacher is central in facilitating the processes that lead to meaningful education and pupils learning outcomes are affected by teacher quality. No one can deny the importance of trai ning due to resources and quality as (Abdul Ghani Bin Abdullah, Austin Machana Samupwa, and Naser Jamil Alzaidiyeen 2009) stated teacher training is important for two main reasons. Firstly, considering the vast resources which are being spent on education, and particularly training itself, it is essential to ensure that these financial resources are well utilized. Secondly, the quality and quantity of the output in the form of well educated students with good attitudes will determine the type of leadership, management and workforce Namibia will have in future. It has also been observed frequently that Personality and attitudes of teacher affects the individual performance as according to (Robbins, Millett, Cacioppe and Waters-Marsh 1998, p. 28) individual performance is moderated by the personality, values, attitudes and ability of the individual which, in combination, affect their perceptions and motivation, and ultimately influence individual performance. So, we can say that the Professional development is a body of systematic activities to prepare teachers for their job, including initial training, induction courses, in-service training, and continuous professional development within school settings. This research study has tried to put light on the education system of Pakistan. We have an inherited administrative setup from British India as (Dr. Saleha Parveen 2006) describes The history of a formal system of education in India starts when in 1813 according to the charter of East India Company; the responsibility of the education of the masses was taken over by the government. It was decided that out of the profit of the East India Company, not less than, amount of Rs. one lac annually will be spent on the literacy and educational activities of the Indian people. It was just a modest beginning on the part of the government to introduce a national system of education. However, from 1813 to 1854 nothing significant was done in the field of education till 1947. Pakistan came into being under the great leadership of Quaid-e- Azam Mohammad Ali Jinah on 14th August 1947 who viewed education as an instrument of socio economic change and it was later on endeavored that the education system must meet the brilliance of people and culture of nation according to his vision as (Meher Rizvi 2003) further described that since independence, it has been tried to relate the education system to the needs and inspirations of the country and for this purpose an Education Conference was arranged in 1947 according to the directives of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinah, who had provided the basic guidelines for the future development of education that the education system should/can suit the genius or brilliance of our people, our history, culture and encourage the highest sense of honor, integrity, responsibility, and selfless service to the nation. It should/can also provide scientific and technical knowledge to build up our economic life. The constitution of Pakistan 1973 also gives rights to Pakistani citizens to have education and bounds state to endeavor to remove illiteracy. The Constitution of Pakistan 1973 article 37 (b) (2004 p13) states that the state of Pakistan shall endeavor for removing illiteracy and providing free secondary education and article 38 (d) (2004 P 14) speaks of instilling moral values and of providing education to all citizens irrespective of gender, caste, creed, or race (Mahmood Salim Mahmood 2004). (Dawood Shah 2003 P-156) stated that various commissions followed it and submitted their reports periodically as report of the commission on national education of 1959 enjoyed a peculiar position in the history of educational reforms, many other commissions worked and submitted policy statements up to 1973 and many national education policies have been announced by the various successive governments after 1973 to 2009 but could not achieve the objectives. Every one of us is well aware that Pakistan had a weak educational setup at the time of independence in 1947. Illiteracy in the people was high due to insufficient numbers of educational institutions in Pakistan. We have an inherited administrative setup from British in 1947 and since then the system has tried to bring change with the help of administrative reforms but change of administrative structures did not take place completely. In Pakistan, mostly there is a centralized educational administration which is controlled by federa l ministry of education and provincial education departments are regulating the educational laws and policies at federal and provincial levels. Balochistan is one of four provinces of Pakistan and a backward but largest area with 43 percent of the countrys area. There are 26 districts and 86 union councils and it has 65 legislature seats. It (Balochistan) is a rich province with mineral resources and hot water in the shape of Gawadar Bay and deep sea port in Pakistan which needs developed workforce that can play an important role in having and using these resources accurately to make the province economically prosperous. The education sector is only one and most important sector, which can play its key role in the development of workforce through increasing the literacy rate of province. This research study tried to compare the performance of professionally developed and undeveloped teachers of public sector secondary school of Balochistan province of Pakistan where the high performing teachers satisfy the school administrator and student as well, but on other side poor performing teachers present the toughest challenge to s chool administrator. The poor performing teachers do not provide expected results even they distract others from doing their job properly. The unskilled behavior of these teachers de-motivates pupils and damages the school reputation. The aim of the study is to know about what makes a teacher to be a professional teacher and what makes a professional teacher to be an effective teacher who can show a sustainable professionalism in public sector secondary schools of Balochistan. The objective of this research is explained on page 6. It was significant to undertake a research to address the question of how professional development makes a teacher to be a productive and effective through his performance in real sense. The reasons for this research are highlighted in the contextual analysis, information about Pakistan, and government secondary education system in Balochistan. The mixed method of research was employed to achieve the research objectives. The data were analyzed through regression technique to explore the different dimensions of teachers professional development as well as performance in government secondary schools of Balochistan. It is anticipated that on the basis of the results of this analysis, policy makers and educational managers can be suggested to enhance professional development opportunities to teachers to improve their performance and quality of education in the province It was my personal interest to conduct the research on the situation of secondary school teachers professional developme nt because I personally belong to Balochistan province and being a teacher, I wanted to know the reality about school teachers level of professional development and their performance. The researcher conducted research in thirteen districts of Balochistan and the number of teachers who are respondents in this research study are 260. The majority of the respondents or teachers belong to rural area in this research study and they are as 53 respondents were from urban area and 207 respondents belonged to rural area. The majority of the respondents in this study are male teachers but the female teachers were tried to include at maximum. The male teachers are one hundred and ninety (190) where as the number of female teachers is seventy (70). 1.1 Statement of problem It has been observed that secondary education overall in Pakistan specifically in Balochistan has not achieved its standards whereby it could be compared to international secondary level education. A major factor in this low performance is schoolteachers professional development. 1.2 Objective The objective of this research is to compare the performance of professionally developed and undeveloped school teachers of public sector secondary schools of Balochistan and to find out the causes of high or low performance if any proved through this research study. 1.3 Research Scope and Limitations The scope of this research is to have proper and accurate information from the 13 districts which will represent the province consisting of 26 districts. 1. The respondents were randomly selected from the schools of 13 districts in Balchistan according to the convenience of the researcher. 2. The questionnaire was personally filled out by the researcher only from school teachers available in schools with the help of their principals and head masters as supervisor or administrator. 3. We felt difficulty in traveling to different districts situated in far flung areas of Balochistan during the severe cold season of winter included in the sample due to lack of time and resources. We faced a problem that some respondents did not respond properly due to unknown reasons. 4. We faced a problem of improper response from some respondents due to unknown reasons. 5. We felt it difficult to cover all districts of Balochistan for data collection due to shortage of time. It will be good for other research study to cover all districts of province if any takes place in future. 1.4 Thesis Structure This thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the problem about which the research was carried out and in general about the education system of Pakistan. Chapter 2 is about the literature review and the theoretical background is developed. In Chapter 3, we describe the methodology adopted including sources of information and data collection methods are discussed. In chapter 4, the empirical data collected through questionnaire is analyzed and results are concluded on the basis of a survey. Conclusions are drawn and necessary recommendations are suggested in chapter 5. 1.5 Research Hypothesis H1: The participation in workshop is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H2: The participation in seminar is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H3: The participation in qualification or degree program is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H4: The participation in observation visit of other schools is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H5: The participation in network of trainers is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H6: The participation in research is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H7: The participation in mentoring or peer observation and coaching is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H8: The higher professional qualification is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H9: The higher academic qualification is major factor which affects the overall performance of teacher. H10: Gender as a respondent is major factor who is compared on the basis of overall performance. H11: District is factor which is compared on the basis of overall performance. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Different researchers have defined and clarified Training according to their understanding to achieve the research objectives. Pakistan like other countries of the world is trying to change its education system to survive. With the start of new millennium, many countries in the world are engaged in educational reforms. One of the key elements in these reforms is professional development of teachers; countries in the world have acknowledged that teachers need to be changed in order to improve education systems because they are the most significant change agents in these educational reforms. This role of teachers as change agent in educational reforms makes the field of teachers professional development an important area, and has received specific attention during the past few years as (Carlos Marcelo 2009) said The professional development of teach ­ers includes all the experiences of natural learning as well as the more planned and conscious ones which try, both directly and indire ctly, to benefit individuals, groups or schools and which contribute improving the quality of education in the class room. It is the process by which teachers, whether alone or accompanied, review, renew and further their commitment as agents of change, with moral teaching aims. Moreover, they acquire and develop knowledge, competencies and emotional intelligence that are essential to professional thinking, planning and practice with children, adolescents and colleagues throughout each stage of their teaching lives. It has also been tried first of all to define and understand the term professional development that comes through teachers training for the comparison of school teachers performance as According to (Thomas N Garavan, Carole Hogan, Amanda.Chir and ODonel-Chir 2006 p20), Training is a systematic process through which an employee is helped or facilitated to master defined tasks or competencies for a definite purpose. In teaching seven steps and the required skills may be su ggested for effective teaching as follows: Preparation for instruction (Organizational skills); Motivation (Communication skills); Presentation of the learning task (Focus skill); Inducement of the trial response (Feedback skill); Correction of the trial response (Questioning skill); Fixation of response (Closure skill); and Test response (Evaluation skill) Even though the enumerated skills are interdependent; one is as effective alone as it is when combined with others (A.A ADEDIDURA and BADA TAYO 2007 P-166). (Cheryl Kariuki 2009 p1-9) defined that Professional development for teachers is the range of formal and informal processes and activities that teachers engage in both inside and outside of the school in order to improve their teaching knowledge and skills. As (DEECD Victoria 2005) said that the vision must be recognized about professional teacher who has required updating his or her knowledge and skills consciously and continuously due to new knowledge as a response to new research and emerging needs not only changing world about learning and teaching taking place. Development is considered as a learning process for teacher which continues from his entry in the teaching profession to retirement as (GUSKEY and HUBERMAN 1995) stated, Professional development can also be viewed as a dynamic process that spans ones entire career in the profession, from preparation and induction to completion and retirement. Effective professional development program plays key role in teachers learning and satisfaction and it needs proper evaluation of program. The effective evaluation of any professional development activity needs to incorporate five levels of investigation. The first level of evaluation examines participants general satisfaction levels wi th the logistics and organization of the professional development activity. In evaluating the second level, participants learning, evaluators assess whether or not participants have achieved an understanding of the knowledge and skills (general content) of the professional development session. The third level, organization support and change, examines whether organizational policies or practices may undermine or support the implementation of the professional learning. Because of this, the deconstruction of the local and/or national environment (context) is essential to determining whether or not the content or processes involved with the professional development activity can actually be achieved or implemented. The fourth level of evaluation, participants use of new knowledge and skills, is focused on whether or not the professional learning actually made a difference in participants professional practice. The goal of the final level of evaluation, student learning outcomes, is inte nded to evaluate whether or not the professional learning activity benefited students in any way (Dawn C. Wallin, Phyllis Hildebrandt and Sakil Malik 2008). The professional development is right of teachers and there must be equal opportunity concept for distribution of rights such as teachers in urban areas get few professional development opportunities as compare to teachers from the rural areas which show little bit sense of discrimination and a denial to equal opportunity concept as (Suleyman Sadi 2001 p117) in his research study said, The results show that rural schoolteachers have been less fortunate in having access to in-service training activities than urban schoolteachers.(Dr.Nabi Bux Jumani 2007) said the quality and the level of excellence in education depend upon the quality and competence of teachers. The competent teacher is possible through a careful program of teacher training. A teacher is trained in both theory and practice and it becomes essential that training should equip them to do a challenging job. Good teaching also includes teachers style because he is performing a role of manager when he sets learning activities and he manages the classroom as (Shaukat Hussain 2004 P-20) described that teaching style is a complex amalgam of belief, attitude, strategy, technique, motivation, personality and control. Teaching style lies at the heart of the interpersonal relationships between teaching and learners. However a basic set of factors lies behind teaching style. These relate to; Attitudes towards knowledge and learning. Preferred means of maintaining control over learners. Preferred ways of organizing class activities. Positive and negative feelings about the teaching itself. Beliefs about the purpose of education in general. Influences from within the teachers role set. Beliefs about the best ways of learning. Attitudes towards the learners. We always demand teacher to give good teaching in school but for a good teaching, teacher needs some autonomy that will surely help him to give quality in classroom ultimately leads to students achievement as (Bill Mulford P-17 2003) described Conferring professional autonomy to teachers will enhance the attractiveness of the profession as a career choice and will improve the quality of the classroom teaching practice. The sophisticated pedagogies and technology makes him effective in the teaching career of a teacher. (Thomas R. Guskey 1986) said that teaching profession needs a complete, specific and significant change in attitude of teacher through Professional development as is claimed to bring change in teachers attitudes is linked

History of the Periodic Table :: essays research papers

Things are very different from each other, and can be broken down into small groups inside itself, which was then noticed early by people, and Greek thinkers, about 400BC. Which just happened to use words like "element', and `atom' to describe the many different parts and even the smallest parts of matter. These ideas were around for over 2000 years while ideas such as `Elements' of Earth, Fire, Air, and Water to explain `world stuff' came and went. Much later, Boyle, an experimenter like Galileo and Bacon, was influenced much by Democritus, Gassendi, and Descartes, which lent much important weight to the atomic theory of matter in the 1600s. Although it was Lavoisier who had divided the very few elements known in the 1700's into four different classes, and then John Dalton made atoms even more believable, telling everyone that the mass of an atom was it's most important property. Then in the early 1800's Dobereiner noted that the similar elements often had relative atomic mass es, and DeChancourtois made a cylindrical table of elements to display the periodic reoccurrence of properties. Cannizaro then determined atomic weights for the 60 or so elements known in the 1860s, and then a table was arranged by Newlands, with the many elements given a serial number in order of their atomic weights, of course beginning with Hydrogen. That made it clear that "the eighth element, starting from a given one, is a kind of a repeat of the first", which Newlands called the Law of Octaves. Then both Meyer and Mendeleyev built periodic tables alone, Meyer more impressed by the periodicity of physical properties, while Mendeleyev was more interested in the chemical properties. Then Mendeleyev had published his periodic table and his law in 1869 and forecasted the properties of the missing elements, and chemists then began to be grateful for it when the discovery of elements was predicted by the table that had taken place. Although, periodic tables have always been related to the way scientists thought about the shape and structure of the atom, and has changed over the years exactly for that reason. The modern periodic table is very much like a later table by Meyer, but arranged, by Mendeleev’s, but it had to be according to the size of the atomic weight. The only thing though that was made by Mendeleev’s was Group 0, which was then added by Ramsay.

Is Singapore a Nation?

When you think of Singapore, you will think of the myriad of international awards and global benchmark this city-state has achieved within its first 50 years of independence. It is commendable – her success that is. Having attained self-governance in 1959 and subsequently independence in 1965, her economic miracle in the decades to come is deserving of being looked upon as an economic model of success. Her emergence came as a shock as she was expelled from Malaysia in 1965 due to clashing political ideologies, and nobody knew what to expect. The emergence of the imperiled Singapore brewed much uncertainty and anxiety in a â€Å"Chinese land in the sea of Malays† environment. Certainly though, Singapore has come so far into being what she is today. As we slowly transit into a new political era and hand over the political reins to fresher and younger batch of Singapore's fourth-generation leaders, it is worth to stop and reflect. Having gone through 50 years of independence, can it be truly said that Singapore is a nation? Has she become a nation, or is she still in the process of nation-building; a nation-in-progress? This essay will discuss at large with regards to where Singapore stands in this issue. Before proceeding any further, it is crucial to unpack the term nation.Defining the term ‘nation'Nation has never had a concrete definition owing to its broad and complex nature. Scholars, nonetheless, have attempted to define the term nation for pragmatic purposes. As argued by Dawisha Adeed, nation is a form of identity. That individuals identify with their nations the same way they identify with other forms of collective identity. Rupert Emerson also argued that nation is a socio-cultural concept than a political concept. It is the sense of belonging to a community who share the same heritage, and the same future. It is thus agreeable that nation is essentially a sense of belonging to a country. A sense of pride, and a measure of a person's loyalty to a country. In the words of Benedict Anderson, nation is â€Å"an imagined political community† because members may not know most of their fellow members, yet â€Å"in the minds of each lives the image of their communion†. In this regard, it is in my interest to highlight the difference between a state and a nation. As brought up earlier, Singapore is not a nation as of yet on the grounds that Singaporeans do not feel as intense a sense of belonging to Singapore.

The Lion and the Lamb essays

The Lion and the Lamb essays Life is full of opposites. For every black there is a white, for every day there is a night. The poetry of Blake is no exception. His poem The Lamb is the opposite of The Tyger. That is, the tyger is the predator, and the lamb the prey of the tyger. The Tyger conjures an image of being powerful, dark, and dangerous while The Lamb brings an image of reassuring peace. Blake uses these opposites to convey his feelings about various world events. At the time The Tyger was written, the Industrial Revolution was under way and Blake was upset by all the social injustice in the world. This explains why there are so many allusions in The Tyger and The Lamb to the Industrial and French Revolutions. Blake used these allusions because he wanted something the readers of his time could relate to and to show how he himself felt about these Revolutions as well. Blakes dislike of the Revolution leaked out blatantly into his poems. What the hammer? What the chain...dare its deadly terrors clasp? This mention of tools and chains alludes to the Industrial Revolution. The factories were the masters, and the people were its slaves, chained and unable to enjoy life. The dark tone of the poem gives an image of the dull and depressing, less than satisfactory conditions of the factories and the harsh lives of those who worked in them. Aside from only the Industrial Revolution, The Tyger draws a link to French Revolution, as the revolutionaries where also known as Tygers. The lamb on the other hand portrays a happier illustration. By the stream er the mead. The image of a field with sheep and a stream appears in dreams and as a sign of hope; for in the days of the industrial revolution, fields and open space were disappearing. In its place, dull and lifeless factories were bein ...

Helpful Tips For Healthy Holiday Parties Example

Helpful Tips For Healthy Holiday Parties Example Helpful Tips For Healthy Holiday Parties – Article Example Healthy Holiday Parties The festive holiday season is around the corner. Tempting holiday parties include cakes, cookies, meat, and other food alternatives. One must avoid the urge to overeat unhealthy amounts of food. During these happy moments, one must strive to maintain a healthy weight level. Health Tips for Holiday Period Partiesââ€" ºThirty minutes prior to taking one’s regular holiday party morning breakfast, eat raw fruit. The raw fruit can be an apple, a handful of strawberries, a bunch of grape, or a ripe yellow –colored mango. ââ€" ºNext, consume raw salads during one’s Holiday party afternoon snack (Soria, 2003). These food choices revitalize the human body. Eating healthy holiday party food alternatives is an enjoyable experience.ââ€" º Pick healthy raw food choices. Raw food contains lots of enzymes. The human body needs the enzymes to hasten bodily functions. The body uses enzymes to help digest food. Eating cooked food drain’s oneâ€⠄¢s store of body enzymes. Eating raw food increases the body’s stored enzymes (Soria, 2003). ââ€" º Help cook healthy food for the upcoming holiday party. Use only healthy cooking oil in the process. Olive oil is one of the best health-invigorating oil alternatives. However, use as little olive oil as possible. Next, significantly reduce the cooking time. The time reduction reduces the loss of the cooked food’s health benefits. The use of the extra-virgin olive oil will contribute omega -3 health benefits. Avoid using unhealthy corn oil has very high unhealthy calories and debilitating unsaturated fats (Messier, 2009.ââ€" ºWhen cooking the Holiday party food, do not fry food at unnecessarily high cooking temperatures. High heat burns away the healthy food ingredients (Soria, 2003). ââ€" º Exclude unhealthy processed food. Processed food has lots of diabetes-inducing sugar and artificial sweetening ingredients. The processed food products contain health-depleting oi ls and fats, filers and harmful chemicals. The food producers use unhealthy food preservatives, especially MSG, to prolong the food’s shelf life (Holmes, 2012).ââ€" º Consume lots of healthy food alternatives. The cabbage alternative has health-inducing antioxidants and cancer-preventing properties. The cinnamon fruit significantly contributes to controlling cholesterol as well as blood sugar levels. The ripe tomato’s lycopen ingredient has cancer-preventing antioxidants. The accepted ginger root eliminates indigestion (Holmes, 2012). ââ€" ºReplace the unhealthy processed food choices with healthy raw food alternatives. The healthy raw food products can be described as juicy, crunchy, tasty, and sweet. Raw food enchants the visitors’ eyes. The same food attracts the visitors. The apple, grapes, and strawberries influentially enchant the visitors’ palate and nose. Raw food contains lots of enzymes, vitamins and other health-inducing nutrients. Cooking de stroys many of the raw food’s health-stimulating properties. The raw food’s enzymes reduce the aging process, prolonging the individuals’ lifespan (Casupei, 2011). ââ€" ºIf unhealthy holiday party food choices cannot be avoided at the holiday parties, controllably consume minimal amounts of the offered food choices. Use effective exchange why you are avoiding binge eating. Excessive fattening food leads to obesity, hypertension and health ailment issues. ââ€" ºDuring the Holiday’s festive party hours, prioritize consume raw health-stimulating food choices over processed and overly cooked food alternatives.ReferencesCasupei, J. (2011). The Art of Raw Food: Delicious, Simple Dishes for Healthy Living. Berkeley: North Atlantic Book Press.Holmes, L. (2012). Supercharged Food: Eat Your Way to Health. Sydney: Allen & Unwin Press.Messier, L. (2009). Free Radicals: The Silent Killers of the Human Race. Pittsburgh: Dorrance Press.Soria, C. (2003). Angel Foods : Healthy Recipies for Healthy Bodies. Summertown: Book Publishing Company.

Strategic tourism planning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic tourism planning - Essay Example Private businesses have also served leadership capacities, including the gathering of support for certain collaborative ads and promotions and publishing newsletters, websites and a magazine about Floyd. The Floyd County Chamber of Commerce has been playing a significant role in the supporting of local businesses in the long time. A significant revitalization part has been performed by the government of the Floyd County in the downtown. The staff and town spent time in the prominent investments in the private sector and various alterations and modifications have been brought by the finances that were acquired from the federal and in the shape of restoration and enhancement of downtown which also includes more public restrooms, shops, a hotel, additional parking, and a community market (Butler, Richard, Michael, John, 1998). The Heritage Pathways project has been continually worked upon by the towns which will offer crucial interconnections to it. A downtown park is being developed wi thin the town which has been granted the support from the Partnership for Floyd. Numerous local non-profits have been provided funding and finance by the Town of Floyd, which also includes it financing through the Virginia Commission for the Arts. Thus, the Floyd Town has worked properly and in sophisticated manner upon its tourist aspect. Tourism Promotion An active part has been played by the Floyd County government in terms of the development and promotion of tourism. The County offers the customers a destination market organization (DMO)—the primary contact for the Virginia Tourism Corporation. The staff of the County has hosted Virginia Tourism Corporation Visitor Center staff for tours of Floyd County and worked with VTC, The Crooked Road and others on numerous substantial media tours. Besides the tours of the group media, the staff of The County also facilitates as a liaison for individual, reputable journalists, suggesting itineraries, and linking them with various co mplimentary tours and services (Bruce, David, and Margaret, 1993). A customized media kit has been supplied by the County, which also includes the DVD of itineraries and images to visiting media. This outreach of the public relations has only been possible with the kind, generous, and the complimentary hosting that has been offered by the local lodging facilities. The tourism pages for the County are on its website (www.floydcova.org/visitors), which also contains the local listings direct feed from the main state site, Virginia.org. Being a DMO, the emails are moderated by the County from VTC related to media opportunities and shares pertinent ones with email list of tourism related entities in Floyd County and serves as a reviewer for tourism-related grant applications. Situational Analysis Being a significant element of the planning process, the participants undertake a Situational Analysis with respect to the tourist destination in order to determine the objectives and goals of the plan (Hall, 2008). In the current plan, the current tourism assets, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, target customers, and a brief analysis of the tourism infrastructure, marketing strategies, and tourism policy have been identified in the current plan. Tourism Assets A list of the premier assets of tourism for Floyd County is provided below. These assets can possibly be depicted in the promotion and advertising. It is as follows:

Managing and Leading Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Managing and Leading Change - Essay Example There are a lot of Machiavelli’s perception on organizational change that is not acceptable to other philosophers such as Plamenatz and Wolker (1992).1 Personally, I do not agree to Machiavelli when he stated that â€Å"people are inherently unchanging and essentially similar† because of the fact that people are often likely to follow the rule of domino effect. Let me give you an example of my personal analysis. When a manager practice good leadership, it is more likely that he could convince his subordinates to support him/her in the implementation of change within the organization. On the other hand, a manager who does not have the qualities of a good leader is more likely to fail when it comes to motivating and convincing the rest of the employees to participate in the manager’s plan. In other words, it only takes a manager with good leadership skill to change the employees’ mentally with regards to organizational change. Machiavelli stated that â€Å"fraud and force are two of the most necessary components of effective government.†2 I do not agree that fraud and the practice of authoritative power is always the best solution when it comes to implementing organizational change. Fraud alone is considered as an unethical business practice. On the other hand, the practice of authoritative power is not always the best solution when it comes to implementing change since it will only cause more employees to disrespect and will remain disloyal to the manager. According to Dessler (2001), leaders with a competent leadership skill are individuals who are capable of inspiring another person who often times have the â€Å"drive to achieve their goals; the desire to lead; self-confidence; cognitive ability; honesty and integrity; as well as having sufficient knowledge in doing business.†3 Machiavelli’s approach to organizational

Ashura practices (religious practice) Research Paper

Ashura practices (religious practice) - Research Paper Example gious practice may depend on the commitment that a follower ascribes to the act as well as the pledge to keep practicing that act even among future generations. Usually, meaning increases when members of the faith agree the symbolic value of the happening on, and if it is associated with the historical roots of the religious group. Typical examples of religious practices include baptism, where members are immersed in water and transformed into new spiritual beings; this mostly happens in Christian groups. Fasting is also common among a series of faiths such as Islam, Buddhism and Christianity; it involves abstinence from food for a certain period in order to focus and strengthen one’s religious conviction. Even a simple act like attendance of a religious ceremony in a Jewish temple, mosque or church may also be regarded as a religious practice. Islam, just like other religions, has a series of practices; some may differ depending on one’s sect or religious conviction but others are common to all. The five pillars of Islam are religious practices that all believers in the faith agree on, and they include shahada, salat, zakat, sawm and hajj (Chibli 34). The first one refers to acknowledgement of the supremacy of the God Allah and his prophet Muhammad while the second one focuses on five obligatory prayers. Giving the poor alms, fasting in the holy month of Ramadan and visiting Mecca at least once are the other shared religious practices respectively (Wheeler 59). Ashura is a religious practice that is also common to all Muslims, but the meaning of the day and its manifestation are significantly different between the two predominant religious groups. Sunni Muslims largely centre on the Prophet’s interpretation of the day; it commemorates the day that Noah‘s ark was rescued as well as the day when God gave Moses the ten commandments (Wilfrid and Nourallah 141). It is also historically significant because it is believed that this was the day when several

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Example for Free

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Essay Describe key areas of the selected company’s code of conduct that are of significant importance to the business, and explain why. The first question we should ask ourselves â€Å"what is ethics?† I think ethics are a collection of principles and practices that a business believes in, statements and more specific policies about conduct to give employees, partners, vendors, and outsiders an idea of what the corporation stands for and how it’s staff should conduct themselves . The Cheesecake Factory was established in the 1940s by Oscar and Evelyn Overton. In 1972 they open their first business store to Los Angeles, CA known as the Cheesecake Factory. Now The Cheesecake Factory has over 170 locations around the world. Having such a large corporation like Cheesecake Factory brings a lot of ethical and business problems when it comes to having such a large stores and staff. We should always remember that everyone has their own set of moral ethics that they live by at tend to take those same ethics to the work place. When writing a code of ethics it is important that these will cover every staff member from the top of the corporation to the lowest lever employee. Key areas that are of significant importance to The Cheesecake Factory start with the general standards of conduct in how all its employees will be treated by fellow employees and by management. The standards deals the basic values that we all have, with the expectation of building trust, loyalty, honesty, respect, and a high level of professionalism within the company. The cheesecake Factory has an established code of ethical conduct that is an essential factor in maintaining a proper balance in the human aspect of ethics and the link to the business success. Corporate leaders and managements need to be careful about their behaviors and how they make important decisions. Although all areas of the Cheesecake Factory’s code of ethical conduct is important for the success of the company, there are a few key areas of the company’s code of ethical conduct that are of significant importance for The Cheesecake Factory. 1-The first occurs in Article IV, in the â€Å"Conflicts of Interest,† section that pertains to transactions and investments. This specifically states that an officer or a director† should avoid participating in any transaction or investment that conflicts with, or gives the appearance of a conflict with, the interest of the company.†(Reference 1) This is key in maintaining ethics because a person who is in a leadership / management positions must be loyal to only their organization; otherwise, all decisions that are made and act are suspect as to the integrity of the choice, especially concerning money matters. 2- A second key area of The Cheesecake Factory’s code of ethical conduct that is of significant importance is in Article V, in the â€Å"Compliance with Company Policies and Procedures,† section that pertains to confidential information. It is very important and essential for the success of any company and business especially, the confidentiality of information, especially for third parties, be maintained. This leads to another key area that is also in Article V of the company’s code of ethical conduct. In the section that pertains to insider trading. In the section that deals with prohibiting insider trading it states that, â€Å"An officer or director shall observe the Company’s policy prohibiting trading on the basis of material, non-public information.†(Reference 1) 2.Explain the key steps that the company should take to ensure that employees follow the code of conduct. There are some key steps that a company can take in order to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct. 1-The Cheesecake Factory should have a â€Å"compliance department† that handles all disputes and investigations regarding violations of the code of conduct. This specific department at Cheesecake Factory should have designated employees that govern the entire company’s employees and handle any issues that arise. 2-The Cheesecake Factory can  take to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct is to have each employee sign and date, the code of conduct when they hired and give it to the employee a copy and keep another copy in the employee files. This makes it possible for the employee and the company to be on the same page from the beginning of the working relationship. This process can repeat every year for the existing employees to follow the code of conduct. 3-The Cheesecake Factory can take to ensure the employees follow the code of conduct is complete mandatory â€Å" Business ethics† training videos for new and existing employees every year. These videos make sure reminder of all employees’ business ethics and code of conduct. 3. Suggest three (3) ways in which the restaurant can engage in socially responsive activities in the community within which it operates The Cheesecake Factory can engage many socially responsive activities in the local community. 1-The Cheesecake Factory can donate foods to local food banks, soup kitchens and homeless shelters. Restaurants always have extra food that does not used for any reasons or left over foods. As a respectful company being able to donate fresh food to shelters and feeding someone who is unable to have a meal, would be wonderful social responsive project and activity. 2-The Cheesecake Factory could engage in socially responsive activities in the community would be to help raise money for a local non-profit organizations, charities, children hospitals or cancer associates. This could be done by donating money, ask costumers to participate or fund rising which will show that the company is giving back to the local community in which it is a part. 3- The Cheesecake Factory could engage in socially responsive activities in the community would be to offer free meals to shelters for specified holidays, such as Thanksgiving and Christmas. 4- Also Cheesecake Factory could run campaign for â€Å"Local Food Drive† to contribute as a company and ask their costumers donate dry and canned foods to reach local families who needs help .This is one of excellent way of giving back to the local community. References: 1. (March 16, 2004) The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated. Amended and Restated Code of Ethics for Executive Officers, Senior Financial Officers, and Directors. Retrieved from: http://investors.thecheesecakefactory.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=109258p=irol-govconduct. 2. (January 2001) C.B. And R.L. â€Å"The Legal Environment of Business: Text and Cases: Ethical Regulatory, Global, and Corporate Issues.† Cengage Learning, 8th edition. 3. (January 2012) Ferrell, O.C. And John Fraedrich. â€Å"Business Ethics: Ethical Decision Making Cases.† Cengage Learning, 9th edition.

Thank God its Friday :: essays papers

Thank God its Friday The movie Friday is a comedy, but it also depicts many important social issues. The story is set in the city of Los Angeles, California, in what could be called a high-class ghetto. The main theme of the movie is about a young black man who loses his job and is influenced by his best friend to smoke marijuana. The movie also shows the relationships of his family and other members of his neighborhood. With a zany cast of characters and a hilarious script, the movie touches on everything from gang violence to the use of drugs, crime, guns, relationships, sex and life in the ghetto. Because of all these issues, I found this an interesting movie with a wide variety of topics to address. Marijuana has been around for a long time. Its use is once again becoming popular. Although it's not legal, many people use it socially and for medicinal purposes. The Hollywood elite smokes it. Musicians such as Dr. Dre and the Black Crows celebrate its use. Television shows like Saturday Night Live and Kids in the Hall depict it as harmless fun. In the movie Friday, rap star Ice Cube plays the character Craig. Craig has never smoked marijuana. However, his best friend "Smokey" smokes marijuana everyday. Craig looses his job, leaving him home all day with nothing to do to occupy his time. He just hangs out in the neighborhood with his friends. Smokey tries to convince Craig to try some marijuana. At first Craig doesn't want to. Smokey is persistent. He points out to Craig that he doesn't have to work and he doesn't have anything better to. Craig and Smokey eventually sit on the front porch and get stoned. Peer pressure is obviously the only reason Craig gives in. Actually he had other options, but he chose not to use them. Common sense and a simple explanation would have worked for Craig just fine. Everyday we are faced with choices. It is up to us to decide what's right and wrong. Craig decides to try it and things start to happen that he really doesn't like. Craig and Smokey get into some trouble with the neighborhood dealer, Big Worm. Smokey sells pot for him, but can't pay him the money he owes because he and Craig smoked the pot.

The Rule of Foss V/S Harbottle

THE RULE OF FOSS V/S HARBOTTLE There are 2 elements present for this rule to happen. They are found in the case of Edwards v/s Halliwell. †¢It is the proper plaintiff in an action in respect of a wrong done to a company is prima facia the company itself. †¢Where the alleged wrong is a transaction which might be made binding on a company and all its members. No individual member is allowed to maintain an action in respect of that matter. This means that whenever there is a transaction within the company and there has been a decision by the board (I. e. he majority), any individual member alone will not be able to go to court. In the case of Foss v/s Harbottle: ?There were 2 members (shareholders) of the Victoria Park Company who brought an action against the company’s 5 directors and promoters alleging that they had misapplied the company’s assets and had improperly mortgaged its properties. ?The shareholders wanted the directors to make good the losses sustain ed by the company. The court stated that: The injury was against the whole company and the company was the proper person to sue and not the individual members.The second proposition came from this case called the majority rule: Mozley v/s Alston ? 2 shareholders tried unsuccessfully to restrain 4 directors of the company from acting as such when they should have retired under the articles. The court refused to permit the shareholder to bring their action. The court had in mind that if the thing that one is complaining about is the thing in a company that a majority is entitled to do, then there is no need for litigation. Advantages to this rule: 1. It is more convenient that a company should sue in respect of a wrong done. 2.It eliminates wasteful litigation because there is a process of passing resolution in a company. If there is a problem that can be resolved by majority, there is no need to go to the court. 3. It prevents vexatious actions started by troublesome minority trying to harass the company. Disadvantage to this rule: 1. The company is the proper person to sue but the company can only act through its human agents (I. e. the board, shareholders). Usually, the board may well be the people committing a wrong. There are 4 exceptions to this rule: 1. Where the act complaint of is illegal or is ultra vares.In the case of Prudential Assurance Co. Ltd v/s Newman Industries (No. 2) ? The court of appeal explains that where the wrongful act in issue is ultra vares, the rule does not operate because the majority of members can’t confirm the transactions. If any decision that was taken was taken outside the powers that the majority has, then the minority can bring an action as opposed to the rule. ?It has been seen that an action by a shareholder to recover money or on behalf of the company in respect of an ultra vares or an illegal transaction could be undertaken by personal actions. In the case of Smith v/s Croft (No. ) In this case, it has been deci ded that where what is sought is compensation for the company for the loss caused by the transaction. The wrong is done to the company, so the company is the proper plaintiff. The result out of the transaction caused a loss towards the company. ?Even though it was an illegal transaction, the loss was caused to the company. The shareholders can bring an action but an action called the derivative action (done on behalf of the company). 2. Where the matter in issue requires the sanction of the special majority or there has been non-compliance with the special procedure. An individual shareholder will have locus standi to sue where the act complains of is one which requires the approval of the special majority of members and such resolution has not been obtained. This covers a situation where the article of association has specified a particular procedure that must be followed in respect of a particular transaction. In the case of Edwards v/s Halliwell, ?2 members successfully restraint and attempt by the delegate meeting to increase the member’s contribution without obtaining the 2/3 majority. In this case, regardless that the 2 remaining members could bring that action and eventually won on that action. In the case of Quin & Axtens Ltd v/s Salomon ?In this case, the Article of Association stated that certain transactions could not be entered without the consent of both managing director. One of the directors did not accept for a transaction but the company in a general meeting authorized the transaction without the director’s consent. ?In this case, the court allowed the individual member to enter an action and granted an injunction to the individual member prohibiting the majority from acting in breach of the article.

Chapter Discussion Questions Essay

1. Discuss the reasons that companies embark on cross-border strategic alliances. What other motivations may prompt such alliances? The text notes five motives for cross border alliances: 1) to avoid import barriers, licensing requirements and other protectionist legislation; 2) to share the costs and risks of the research and development of new products and processes; 3) to gain access to specific markets; 4) to reduce political risk while making inroads into a new market; and, 5) to gain rapid entry into a new or consolidating industry, and to take advantage of synergies. Each firm is faced with its own environmental conditions and this may prompt a strategic alliance for other reasons. The GM-Toyota strategic alliance resulting in NUMMI was motivated in part by the desire of each firm to learn. GM wanted to learn about the Toyota production process, and Toyota wanted to learn about American labor relations. The content notes five thought processes in cross fringe collusions: 1) to evade import hindrances, authorizing necessities and other protectionist enactment; 2) to impart the expenses and dangers of the innovative work of new items and courses of action; 3) to get access to particular markets; 4) to diminish political danger while making advances into another business; and, 5) to addition quick section into another or uniting industry, and to exploit collaborations. Each one firm is confronted with its own ecological conditions and this may incite a key organization together for different reasons. The GM-Toyota key cooperation bringing about NUMMI was roused to some extent by the craving of each one firm to learn. GM needed to look into the Toyota creation methodology, and Toyota needed to research American work relations. 2. Why are there an increasing number of mergers with companies in different industries? Give some examples. What industry do you think will be the next for global consolidation? There are a variety of reasons. In some cases, companies in different industries still can share resources in ways that create operating synergies. In other cases, companies can capitalize on the intangible resources of its new partner—resources like brand names and proprietary processes. Sometimes cross border mergers and acquisitions accompany the deregulation of industry, as it did in telecoms. If so, a likely candidate will be insurance, financial services and banking, all of which are undergoing substantial deregulation in world markets. There is an assortment of reasons. Sometimes, organizations in diverse businesses still can impart assets in ways that make working collaborations. In different cases, organizations can gain by the immaterial assets of its new accomplice assets like brand names and restrictive courses of action. Some of the time cross fringe mergers and acquisitions go hand in hand with the deregulation of industry, as it did in telecoms. Assuming this is the case, a possible hopeful will be protection, monetary administrations and managing an account, all of which are experiencing considerable deregulation in world markets. 3. Discuss the problems inherent in developing a cooperative alliance in order to enhance competitive advantage while incurring the risk of developing a new competitor. Technology transfer is inevitable in alliance relationship. An alliance partner can quickly learn all it needs to know about a new technology from its partner. Once that happens, it no longer needs its partner in order to conduct business. In essence, the first of the partners to fully learn the other’s technology or business practices obsoletes the venture. The text calls this the â€Å"race to learn.† In order to reduce this risk, firms sometimes â€Å"rope-off† certain sensitive areas from their partners. A strategic alliance is a difficult concept in some ways – cooperating with a competitor – and this may requires particular action to avoid strengthening the position of the competitor. In the end of chapter case on Lenovo, IBM will need to make sure that the association they maintain with this Chinese company does not compromise proprietary knowledge which is IBM’s competitive advantage. Innovation move is certain in partnership relationship. A cooperation accomplice can rapidly realize everything it needs to think around engineering from its accomplice. When that happens, it probably won’t needs its accomplice so as to direct business. Generally, the first of the accomplices to completely take in the other’s innovation or business hones obsoletes the wander. The content calls this the â€Å"race to learn.† so as to lessen this danger; firms now and then â€Å"rope-off† certain touchy regions from their accomplices. A vital partnership is a troublesome idea in a few ways – collaborating with a contender – and this may obliges specific  activity to abstain from reinforcing the position of the contender. Toward the end of part case on Lenovo, IBM will need to verify that the affiliation they keep up with this Chinese organization does not bargain restrictive information which is IBM’s preferred 4. What are the common sources of incompatibility in cross-border alliances? What can be done in order to minimize them? Differences in culture can cause differences in objectives, leadership style, strategy, governance, control and compensation among other issues. There can also be regulatory differences in the host country that preclude operating the business in the traditional style. Minimizing these difficult areas requires attention paid up front to the problem areas. If the problems are anticipated, it is more likely that they can be resolved in an easier and less costly fashion. Difference in culture can result in contrasts in destinations, authority style, system, administration, control and payment in addition to different issues. There can likewise be administrative contrasts in the host nation that block working the business in the conventional style. Minimizing these troublesome zones obliges consideration paid in advance to the issue regions. On the off chance that the issues are foreseen, it is more probable that they can be determined in a less demanding and less exorbitant style. 5. Explain what is necessary for companies to successfully implement a global sourcing strategy. Global sourcing isn’t just about finding lower paid workers. In order to fully benefit from a global sourcing strategy a firm must seek to develop into â€Å"transformational outsourcing† in which motives for sourcing are examined and acted on. Some recommendations include: examining your reasons for outsourcing, evaluating the best sourcing model, gaining the coop eration of your management staff, consulting with alliance partners, and investing in the alliance. Worldwide sourcing isn’t pretty much discovering lower paid laborers. To completely profit from a worldwide sourcing method a firm must look to form into â€Å"transformational outsourcing† in which thought processes in sourcing are analyzed and followed up on. A few proposals include: inspecting your purposes behind outsourcing, assessing the best sourcing model, picking up the collaboration of your administration staff, counseling with organization  together accomplices, and putting resources into the union. 6. Discuss the political and economic situation in the Russia Federation with your class. What has changed since this writing? What are the implications for foreign companies to start a joint venture there now? This area is still struggling to establish a modern market economy and achieve strong economic growth. The economic picture in 2007 is much brighter with a surging trade surplus fueled by rising world oil prices. The arrest of the Yukos CEO and the political strong-arm tactics of Mr. Putin however, have caused many MNCs to remain cautious. It appears that Russia is feeling the power that its energy resources have given her and is once again threatening parts of the world. The current political and economic climate of Russia makes foreign investment not too desirable, with the possible exception of the energy sector. This area is even now attempting to create a present day market economy and attain to solid monetary development. The financial picture in 2007 is much brighter with a surging exchange surplus powered by climbing world oil costs. The capture of the Yukos CEO and the political solid arm strategies of Mr. Putin in any case, have brought on numerous MNCs to stay mindful. It gives the idea that Russia is feeling the power that its vitality assets have provided for her and is by and by debilitating parts of the world. The current political and monetary atmosphere of Russia makes outside speculation not very alluring, with the conceivable exemption of the vitality division. 7. What is involved in strategic implementation? What is meant by â€Å"creating a system of fits’† with the strategic plan? In order for a strategy to work effectively, there must be a good fit between the company’s structure, systems, and operating processes. This process becomes more complex in an international setting precisely because the fit factors are subject to more cultural and environmental diversity. Further, the cross-cultural communication process discussed in the previous chapters indicates that the feedback needed for strategic adjustments will be more difficult to comprehend. Strategic control procedures, which constitute a continuous process, provide feedback to enable managers to reevaluate strategy so that the company can update and recycle its plans accordingly. In place for a methodology to work adequately, there must be a decent fit between the organization’s structure, frameworks, and working techniques. This methodology gets to be more intricate in an universal setting definitely on the grounds that the fit elements are liable to more social and ecological differences. Further, the diverse correspondence methodology talked about in the past parts shows that the criticism required for key modification will be more hard to appreciate. Vital control methods, which constitute a persistent procedure, give input to empower directors to reconsider methodology with the goal that the organization can redesign and reuse its plans in like manner. 8. Explain how the host government may affect strategic implementation—in an alliance or another form of entry strategy. There are many areas of influence by host governments on the strategic choice and implementation of foreign firms. The profitability of those firms is greatly influenced, for example, by the level of taxation in the host country and by any restrictions on profit repatriation. Also important influences are government policies on ownership by foreign firms, on labor union rules, on hiring and remuneration practices, on patent and copyright protection. Further, unpredictable changes in governmental regulations can increase the risk of failure in a venture. There are numerous zones of impact by host governments on the key decision and usage of remote firms. The productivity of those organizations is significantly impacted, for instance, by the level of levy in the host nation and by any confinements on benefit repatriation. Additionally critical impacts are government arrangements on proprietorship by remote firms, on worker’s guild standards, on enlisting and compensation hones, on patent and copyright insurance. Further, unusual changes in administrative regulations can expand the danger of disappointment in a wander. 9. How might the variable of national culture affect strategic implementation? Use the Mittal Steel example to highlight some of these factors. National culture influences everything, including strategy implementation. As we have learned from the work of Hofstede and others, management theory and practices do not always travel well across national cultures. Strategy implementation involves managerial practices and human relations. Different  approaches to â€Å"people management† are needed in different cultures. In the case of Mittal Steel, the issue involved the cultural norms of a particular ethnic group in which the preference was to maintain family ownership of businesses. This concept ran counter to global expansion and the founder, Mr. Mittal decided to attempt to break with these cultural values. National society impacts everything, including technique usage. As we have gained from the work of Hofstede and others, administration hypothesis and practices don’t generally traverse national societies. System execution includes managerial practices and human relations. Diverse methodologies to â€Å"individual’s administration† are required in distinctive societies. On account of Mittal Steel, the issue included the social standards of a specific ethnic gathering in which the inclination was to keep up family responsibility for. This idea ran counter to worldwide extension and the originator, Mr. Mittal chose to endeavor to break with these social qualities. National society impacts everything, including methodology usage. As we have gained from the work of Hofstede and others, administration hypothesis and practices don’t generally traverse national societies. System usage includes managerial practices and human relations. Diverse methodologies to â€Å"individuals administration† are required in distinctive societies. On account of Mittal Steel, the issue included the social standards of a specific ethnic gathering in which the inclination was to keep up family responsibility for. This idea ran counter to worldwide extension and the author, Mr. Mittal chose to endeavor to break with these social qualities. 10. Discuss the importance of knowledge management in IVJs and what can be done to enhance effectiveness of that process. Knowledge management in international joint ventures is critical, especially as we enter a more knowledge-based global economy. The alliance allows for the transfer of knowledge in order to make both firms in the partnership stronger. In order to capitalize on this benefit it is important to overcome cultural differences that may arise. There are essentially three processes  which occur in knowledge management of IVJs: transfer, transformation, and harvesting. Successful firms in this area have the personal involvement of the major principles of the parent company and encourage joint learning and sharing. Reference: Adapted from â€Å"International Management: Managing Across Borders and Cultures† by Helen Deresky